python - ValueError: matrices are not aligned for copy error and x[:] -


i got valueerror given below.

valueerror: matrices not aligned copy error

it traced following line (i did not write code, trying use it):

x1[:] =  _dotproduct(x1, u)

the dot product numpy dot product, works fine, printing _dotproduct(x1, u) give valid answer. x1[:] not working.

what [:] mean? have never seen that.

also how can solve error of alignment?

edit:
have traced error x1[:], instead of can following:

hh=len(x1)

x1[0:hh]=_dotproduct(x1, u)?

in case, since it's on left side of = sign, it's slice assignment. object x1 remains same object, contents replaced sequence on right. without [:], x1 assigned totally different object.

using slice assignment means if there other references same variable in program, of these see new contents. example, caller of function passes in container , function replaces contents. wouldn't possible without slice assignment.


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